The MalariaGEN Vector Observatory Anopheles gambiae data resource version 3.7 (Ag3.7) contains single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) calls, copy number variant (CNV) calls and SNP haplotypes from whole-genome sequencing of mosquitoes collected in Benin (451 samples), Burkino Faso (24 samples), Cameroon (744 samples), Gabon (4 samples), Ghana (528 samples), Guinea (1 sample), and Tanzania (794 samples) from 2007 to 2021. Ag3.7 contains 2546 whole genome sequences from An. coluzzi, An. arabiensis, An. fontenillei and An. gambiae.

This release includes openly-available data from two literature studies:

Barrón, M.G., Paupy, C., Rahola, N. et al. A new species in the major malaria vector complex sheds light on reticulated species evolution. Sci Rep 9, 14753 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-49065-5

Crawford, J.E., Riehle, M.M., Markianos, K., et al. Evolution of GOUNDRY, a cryptic subgroup of Anopheles gambiae s.l., and its impact on susceptibility to Plasmodium infection. Mol Ecol, 25: 1494-1510 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.13572

Data sets

Ag3.7 Contributing Studies

1190 – Population genetics, parasite diversity and ecology of the major malaria vectors in the Kassena-Nankana Districts of Ghana

1237 – Genomics for African Anopheles Resistance Diagnostics/GAARDian

1246 – Genome-based diagnostics for monitoring and evaluation of insecticide resistance in Anopheles gambiae in Tanzania

1270 – Pan-African Malaria Genetic Epidemiology Network (PAMGEN) Anopheles gambiae samples

1281 – Malaria vector surveillance, population genetics and insecticide resistance characterization in four eco-epidemiological settings in Cameroon

Ag3.7 Terms of Use

Data from this project will be made publicly available before journal publication. Unless otherwise stated, analyses of project data are ongoing and publications are in preparation by project partners, and it is not permitted to use project data for publication (including any type of communication with the general public) without prior permission from the originating partner studies.

Although malaria is generally an endemic rather than an epidemic disease, and the focus of this project is on surveillance of disease vectors rather than pathogens, our data terms of use build on MalariaGEN’s approach to data sharing, and adopt norms which have been established for rapid sharing of pathogen genomic data during disease outbreaks. The primary rationale for this approach is that malaria remains a public health emergency, where ethically appropriate and rapid sharing of genomic surveillance data can help to detect and respond to biological threats such as new forms of insecticide resistance, and to adapt malaria vector control strategies to different settings and changing circumstances.

If you have any questions regarding these terms of use, please contact support@malariagen.net.

Ag3.7 Data Access

Please visit the release page on the vector data guide to find out more about how to access the data.

Ag3.7 Sample Locations

Mosquitoes were collected from 22 locations across Benin (8 locations), Burkino Faso (3 locations), Cameroon (5 locations), Gabon (1 location), Ghana (2 locations), Guinea (1 location), and Tanzania (3 locations).